Jean Sibelius composed the incidental music for Shakespeare's "The Tempest," Op. 109, between 1925 and 1926, marking one of his final major works before his retreat from public composition. Commissioned for a production at Copenhagen's Royal Theatre, the complete score comprises 34+2 distinct sections, totaling over an hour of music. This extensive composition includes parts for vocal soloists, a mixed choir, harmonium, and a large orchestra, reflecting Sibelius's deep engagement with the play's rich thematic elements.

The music vividly portrays the play's characters and settings through distinctive instrumentation and thematic development. The Overture, for instance, is renowned for its depiction of the shipwreck, utilizing orchestral forces to create a powerful auditory representation of the storm. Sibelius assigns unique musical signatures to characters: Ariel is characterized by ethereal passages featuring solo flute and harp, while Caliban is introduced with forceful, irregular rhythms and exotic percussion, underscoring his otherness. Miranda's innocence is conveyed through a gentle, lilting string melody, and Prospero's introspective nature is reflected in a solemn string chorale.

The premiere on March 15, 1926, in Copenhagen received acclaim, with critics noting the seamless fusion of Shakespeare's narrative and Sibelius's evocative music. One reviewer observed, "Shakespeare and Sibelius, those two geniuses, have found each other." This collaboration highlights Sibelius's ability to enhance dramatic literature through his compositional prowess, offering audiences a profound and immersive experience.

Beyond the initial production, Sibelius's "The Tempest" has been recognized for its rich orchestration and imaginative depth. The work stands as a testament to his skill in translating complex characters and narratives into compelling musical expressions, solidifying its place as a significant contribution to both the theatrical and symphonic repertoires.

For the Suites or the Prelude, click here.