The Symphony in E minor is the first symphony written by the American composer Florence Price. The work was completed in 1932 and was Price's first full-scale orchestral composition and the first symphony by a Black woman to be performed by a major American orchestra.

In February 1932, Price entered the symphony in the Rodman Wanamaker Competition, in addition to three other concert works that she composed. While all of Price's entries received recognition, her Symphony in E minor won the first place $500 prize for a symphonic work. The award brought Price national recognition and caught the attention of the conductor Frederick Stock of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. Stock later premiered the symphony with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra on 15 June 1933 at the Auditorium Theatre, Chicago.

Price’s Symphony No. 1 in E Minor consists of four movements. The first, Allegro non troppo, is in traditional sonata form and that lasts nearly fifteen minutes. This movement deliberately hearkens to Antonín Dvořák’s Symphony No.9 “From the New World”—a self-conscious nod to newly solidified conventions in the American orchestral sound and a claim on ten part of Price to being an integral part of this new, national symphonic tradition. The second movement, Largo, is a ten-part brass choir playing a newly composed hymn, accompanied by drumming. The third movement is notable for its expressive name, “Juba Dance,” which evokes an African-derived folk dance that was popular among slaves in the antebellum South, and for its brevity—the movement does not last four minutes. Price plays here with the expectation of a dance as the third movement of a classical symphony (which in European symphonies is often a minuet) and explores an African American musical style anchored in the South of the United States. Its concise format allows it to pass for a work of popular music. The last movement, Finale, is a fast movement of about five minutes in the form of a modified rondo. The use of the pentatonic scale, vital to African American musical idioms such as jazz and blues, is prominent throughout the work.